Cavitation refers to that the surface of the wet cylinder liner of the generator set in contact with the coolant is damaged into some needle shaped holes, which gradually expand and deepen, and finally form deep holes or cracks. It is generally believed that it is caused by the high-frequency vibration of the cylinder liner. So how to prevent generator cavitation?

(1)使用因素

(1) Usage factors

a.易发生穴蚀的冷却液温度是40℃-60℃，因此使用中要尽量使冷却液保持正常的工作温度(80℃-85℃)。

a. The coolant temperature that is most prone to cavitation erosion is 40 ℃ -60 ℃, so try to keep the coolant at normal working temperature (80 ℃ -85 ℃) during use.

b.要加用厂家规定的冷却液，不用硬水或含杂质较多的冷却水(液)。实验表明，含有盐类、碱类的硬水比清洁的软水穴蚀速度大几十倍。

b. Use the coolant specified by the manufacturer instead of hard water or cooling water (liquid) with more impurities. Experiments show that the cavitation rate of hard water containing salts and alkalis is dozens of times higher than that of clean soft water.

c.尽量减少怠速、大负荷和超负荷运转的时间。

c. Try to reduce the time of idling, heavy load and overload operation.

d.按规定加用燃油，减轻由燃烧引起的发电机工作粗暴。

d. Add fuel as required to reduce rough operation of generator caused by combustion.

(2)维修因素

(2) Maintenance factors

a.按规定更换冷却液，并及时清洗冷却系，使冷却系经常保持良好的技术状态。

a. Replace the coolant as required and clean the cooling system in time to keep the cooling system in good technical condition.

b.按规定调整供油提前角及燃料系各总成，保持燃料系工作性能，减轻不正常燃烧造成的危害。

b. Adjust the fuel supply advance angle and fuel system assemblies as required to maintain the working performance of the fuel system and reduce the harm caused by abnormal combustion.

c.保持良好的配缸间隙、曲轴轴承间隙和连杆轴承间隙，以减轻敲缸和振动。

c. Maintain good cylinder clearance, crankshaft bearing clearance and connecting rod bearing clearance to reduce cylinder knocking and vibration.

d.安装气缸套、活塞、连杆等机件时，要尽量达到垂直度、平行度的要求，减小活塞对气缸套的不正常冲击。

d. When installing cylinder liner, piston, connecting rod and other mechanical parts, try to meet the requirements of verticality and parallelism to reduce the abnormal impact of piston on cylinder liner.

(3)制造因素

(3) Manufacturing factors

a.在发电机的水套侧壁涂防穴蚀材料和吸振物质。

a. Anti cavitation materials and vibration absorbing substances shall be coated on the side wall of the water jacket of the generator.

b.提高气缸套外表面的硬度；尽量降低外表面的粗糙度；选用抗穴蚀能力强的材料。

b. Improve the hardness of the outer surface of the cylinder liner; Try to reduce the roughness of the external surface; Select materials with strong cavitation resistance.

c.选用合适的气缸套壁厚，增加其刚度，以避免共振。

c. Select appropriate cylinder liner wall thickness and increase its stiffness to avoid resonance.

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