沼气天然气瓦斯发电机组检查调整点火提前角
Inspection and adjustment of ignition advance angle of biogas and natural gas generator set
1、点火提前角的定义
1. Definition of ignition advance angle
发动机实际在活塞到达压缩冲程上止点前就点火，点火时刻到压缩冲程上止点时刻之间活塞的位移折算成曲轴转角，即称点火提前角。
The engine actually ignites before the piston reaches TDC of the compression stroke. The displacement of the piston between the ignition time and TDC of the compression stroke is converted into the crankshaft angle, which is called the ignition advance angle.
以山东辰龙12V190系列燃气发电机组为例，其点火提前角一般为30-42°曲轴转角，具体数值根据随机说明书、结合燃气具体成分而定。
Taking Shandong Chenlong 12V190 series gas generator set as an example, its ignition advance angle is generally 30-42 ° crankshaft angle, and the specific value is determined according to the accompanying instructions and the specific composition of the gas.
点火提前角由厂方技术服务人员在燃气发电机组安装调试时设定好，用户一般不需再调整。但随着机组使用时间的延长，磁电机驱动器与齿轮箱联轴器凹槽磨损，会造成点火提前角略有改变，因此应进行季节性检查和调整。另外，在更换磁电机时，也会涉及到点火提前角的检查和调整。
The ignition advance angle is set by the manufacturer's technical service personnel during the installation and commissioning of the gas generator set, and the user generally does not need to adjust it. However, with the extension of the service time of the unit, the groove of the coupling between the magneto driver and the gearbox will be worn, which will cause a slight change in the ignition advance angle. Therefore, seasonal inspection and adjustment should be carried out. In addition, when the magneto is replaced, the inspection and adjustment of ignition advance angle will also be involved.
建议用户在机组安装调试好、正常运行后，实测机组当前点火提前角数值，记录备案。
It is recommended that the user measure the current ignition advance angle of the unit after the unit is installed, commissioned and operates normally, and record it for record.
2、测量点火提前角的方法
2. Method of measuring ignition advance angle
测量点火提前角通常有“使用点火正时灯”和“拖动法”两种。“使用点火正时灯”
There are usually two methods for measuring ignition advance angle: "using ignition timing lamp" and "dragging method". "Use ignition timing light"
的方法简便易行但测量结果有一定误差;“拖动法”的测量结果准确度较高。
The method is simple and convenient, but the measurement results have some errors; The measurement result of "drag method" is accurate.
（1）使用点火正时灯
(1) Using the ignition timing light
①接通点火正时灯的12VDC工作电源。
① Turn on the 12VDC working power supply of the ignition timing lamp.
注意:过高的工作电源会将点火正时灯烧坏。
Note: The ignition timing lamp will be burnt out if the working power supply is too high.
②将点火正时灯的接线夹夹住发动机缸的高压点火线主电缆部分。
② Clamp the wiring clip of the ignition timing lamp to the main cable of the high-voltage ignition wire of the first cylinder of the engine.
注意:夹前将高压点火线主电缆外层保护胶皮撸起，否则正时灯感应不到点火信号。
Note: Before clamping, roll up the outer protective rubber of the main cable of the high-voltage ignition wire, otherwise the timing lamp will not sense the ignition signal.
③手持点火正时灯，使灯头对准飞轮指针尖端处，并指向飞轮刻度盘中心。
③ Hold the ignition timing lamp so that the lamp cap is aligned with the tip of the flywheel pointer and points to the center of the flywheel dial.
④启动发动机，使其怠速运行。每当发动机缸点火时，点火正时灯就发出亮光。亮光对应的刻度即为当前机组点火刻度。则，当前机组点火提前角=（360°-当前机组点火刻度)。
④ Start the engine and allow it to idle. When the first cylinder of the engine is ignited, the ignition timing lamp will light up. The scale corresponding to the bright light is the ignition scale of the current unit. Then, the ignition advance angle of the current unit=(360 ° - ignition scale of the current unit).
（2）拖动法
(2) Drag method
①在发动机飞轮刻度320°前后15°范围内贴上示波器纸(或传真纸)，按照飞轮原有刻度在示波器纸上做出同样的刻线。
① Stick oscilloscope paper (or fax paper) within the range of 15 ° before and after 320 ° of the flywheel scale of the engine, and make the same scale on the oscilloscope paper according to the original scale of the flywheel.
注意:应事先在示波器纸(或传真纸)上做好方向标记，以免将点火提前和滞后混淆。
Note: Make direction marks on oscilloscope paper (or fax paper) in advance to avoid confusion between ignition advance and delay.
②把发动机缸高压点火线拔掉，换上专用的加长的导线，使导线一端插入点火线圈输出端，另一端固定在飞轮指针尖端处，导线的末端距离示波器纸2-4mm。
② Unplug the high voltage ignition wire of the first cylinder of the engine and replace it with a special extended wire. Insert one end of the wire into the output end of the ignition coil and fix the other end at the tip of the flywheel pointer. The end of the wire is 2-4mm from the oscilloscope paper.
③在切断气源的条件下，按下“起动”按钮，使启动马达拖动发动机运转，此时，导线末端和示波器纸之间放电、出现火花，把示波器纸击穿。
③ Under the condition of cutting off the air source, press the "Start" button to make the starting motor drive the engine to run. At this time, the end of the wire and the oscilloscope paper will discharge and spark, and the oscilloscope paper will be broken down.
④几秒后，松开“起动”按钮，停止启动马达，取下示波器纸查看，火花击穿密集位置对应的刻度即为当前机组点火刻度。则，当前机组点火提前角=(360°-当前机组点火刻度)。
④ After a few seconds, release the "Start" button, stop the starting motor, take down the oscilloscope paper and check. The scale corresponding to the dense spark breakdown position is the ignition scale of the current unit. Then, the ignition advance angle of the current unit=(360 ° - ignition scale of the current unit).

3、设定点火提前角方法
3. Method of setting ignition advance angle
(1)六缸、十二缸燃气机安装磁电机、设定点火提前角的方法(以调整机组点火提前角至40°曲轴转角为例)①盘转飞轮，至一缸处于压缩冲程上止点位置的0刻度，再倒回40°，即，指针指示320°。此时，齿轮箱联轴器的凹槽倾斜方向确定。
(1) The method of installing magneto and setting ignition advance angle for six cylinder and twelve cylinder gas engines (taking adjusting the ignition advance angle of the unit to 40 ° crankshaft angle as an example) ① Turn the flywheel until one cylinder is at the 0 scale of TDC on the compression stroke, and then turn back 40 °, that is, the pointer indicates 320 °. At this time, the groove inclination direction of the gearbox coupling is determined.
②转动磁电机的驱动器，使转轴上旋转的短红刻线对准磁电机正面面板上的CCW线。此时一，磁电机驱动器的倾斜方向确定。
② Rotate the driver of the magneto to align the short red scribed line on the rotating shaft with the CCW line on the front panel of the magneto. At this time, the tilt direction of the magneto driver is determined.
③装上磁电机，此时，发动机点火提前角近似为40°。
③ When the magneto is installed, the ignition advance angle of the engine is approximately 40 °.
注意:安装磁电机时应确保其驱动器与齿轮箱的联轴器啮合到位。
Note: When installing the magneto, ensure that its driver is engaged with the coupling of the gearbox.
④用拖动法检查点火提前角的实际值，调整至需要的数值。
④ Check the actual value of ignition advance angle by dragging and adjust it to the required value.
⑤十二缸燃气机磁电机调整位置到极限情况需要调整锥齿轮(倒齿)。方法为:
⑤ The bevel gear (reverse tooth) shall be adjusted when the magneto of the 12 cylinder gas engine reaches the limit. The method is:
a.松开齿轮箱侧面观察盖上的紧固螺钉，取下观察盖。
a. Loosen the fastening screws on the side observation cover of the gearbox, and take down the observation cover.
b.松开连接盘与齿轮箱固定的6个紧固螺钉，将小锥齿轮连同传动轴一同抽出，使两个锥齿轮脱离啮合。
b. Loosen the 6 fastening screws fixed between the connecting plate and the gear box, and pull out the bevel gear and the transmission shaft together to disengage the two bevel gears.
c.转动小锥齿轮(每倒一个齿点火提前角改变约12°)，使联轴器凹槽方向与磁电机连接盘的倾斜方向一致。
c. Turn the bevel gear (the ignition advance angle of each inverted gear changes by about 12 °) to make the coupling groove direction consistent with the tilt direction of the magneto connecting plate.
d.将小锥齿轮装回原处，使两个锥齿轮重新啮合，盖好观察盖。
D. Install the bevel pinion back to its original position, re engage the two bevel gears, and cover the observation cover.
e.装上磁电机，复查点火时间。
e. Install the magneto and recheck the ignition time.
(2)四缸发动机安装磁电机、设定点火提前角的方法(以调整点火提前角至32°为例)。
(2) The method of installing magneto and setting ignition advance angle for four cylinder engine (take adjusting ignition advance angle to 32 ° as an example).
①工作原理
① Working principle
4缸燃气发动机(4-190)点火系统由磁块、感应线圈、磁电机、点火线圈、火花塞构成。点火顺序为1-2-4-3。
The ignition system of 4-cylinder gas engine (4-190) consists of magnetic block, induction coil, magneto, ignition coil and spark plug. The ignition sequence is 1-2-4-3.
飞轮上分别在160°、340°位置处镶嵌有两个磁块。在飞轮旁安装有内侧、外侧两个感应线圈。外侧感应线圈连接1、4缸，内侧感应线圈连接2、3缸。
Two magnetic blocks are embedded on the flywheel at 160 ° and 340 ° respectively. The inner and outer induction coils are installed beside the flywheel. The outer induction coil is connected to cylinders 1 and 4, and the inner induction coil is connected to cylinders 2 and 3.
发动机工作时，飞轮上的磁块每当经过感应线圈时，获取一个信号，并把此信号传递给磁电机。磁电机按此信号提供的顺序发出点火电能，经过点火线圈变压，由火花塞点火。
When the engine is working, the magnetic block on the flywheel gets a signal whenever it passes through the induction coil and transmits this signal to the magneto. The magneto sends out ignition electric energy in the order provided by this signal, which is transformed by the ignition coil and ignited by the spark plug.
当外侧感应线圈次获取磁块信号时，1缸点火，旋转180度后，内侧感应线圈获取磁块信号，2缸点火。飞轮再旋转180度后，外侧点火线圈获取磁块信号，4缸点火，再旋转180度后，内侧感应线圈获取信号，3缸点火。
When the outer induction coil acquires the magnetic block signal for the first time, cylinder 1 ignites. After rotating 180 degrees, the inner induction coil acquires the magnetic block signal and cylinder 2 ignites. After the flywheel rotates for another 180 degrees, the outer ignition coil acquires the magnetic block signal, and cylinder 4 ignites. After rotating for another 180 degrees, the inner induction coil acquires the signal, and cylinder 3 ignites.
②设定方法
② Setting method
a.盘转飞轮，至一缸处于压缩冲程上止点位置的0刻度，再倒回32°，即指针指示328°。
a. Turn the flywheel until cylinder 1 is at the 0 scale of TDC on the compression stroke, and then turn it back 32 °, that is, the pointer indicates 328 °.
b.转动磁电机连接塑料盘，使倾斜方向与法兰内转盘的倾斜方向一致，将磁电机装好。
b. Rotate the magneto to connect the plastic disk, so that the tilt direction is consistent with the tilt direction of the rotary disk in the flange, and install the magneto.
c.移动两个感应线圈，对准飞轮上的磁块，并使两个感应线圈处于同心直线上，固定感应线圈。此时，发动机点火提前角近似为32°。
C. Move the two induction coils, align them with the magnetic block on the flywheel, make the two induction coils on a concentric straight line, and fix the induction coils. At this time, the engine ignition advance angle is approximately 32 °.
d.检查点火提前角的实际值，并调整至需要的数值。
d. Check the actual value of ignition advance angle and adjust it to the required value.