怎样进行柴油发电机组机房的降温处理

How to cool down the diesel generator room

1、当水源满足、水温较低时，电站降温宜选用水冷式，即以水为冷媒，对柴油发电机组机房内的空气进行冷却处理。规划水冷电站的条件是，要有满足的天然水源；如井水、泉水、河水、湖水等或其他能够运用的水源；水质要好，无毒、无味、无至病细菌、对金属不腐蚀；水中泥沙等无机物和有机物的含量应契合标准要求；水冷要低，柴油发电机组机房温度与水冷却水温度之差宜大于15摄氏度，不小于10摄氏度。假设水温高了，则送回风温差小，送风体系大，必然要加大缔造出资及作业费用。水冷电站与其他冷却方法比较的长处是，进风量和排风量较小，因此进风管道和排风管道较小；水冷电站受工程外部大气温度影响小，不管任何时节都能确保机房的空气降温。其缺点是，用水量大，受水源条件约束，当工程无满足的低温水源时，便不能选用这种冷却方法。

1. When the water source meets the requirements and the water temperature is low, the water cooling type should be selected for the temperature reduction of the power station, that is, water is used as the refrigerant to cool the air in the diesel generator room. The condition for planning the water-cooled power station is to have a natural water source; Such as well water, spring water, river water, lake water, etc. or other available water sources; The water quality is good, non-toxic, tasteless, disease-free bacteria, and non corrosive to metals; The content of inorganic and organic matters such as sediment in the water shall meet the standard requirements; The water cooling shall be low. The difference between the temperature of the diesel generator room and the temperature of the water cooling water shall be greater than 15 ℃ and not less than 10 ℃. Assuming that the water temperature is high, the temperature difference between supply and return air is small, and the air supply system is large, so it is necessary to increase the construction investment and operation cost. Compared with other cooling methods, the advantage of water-cooled power station is that the air inlet and exhaust volume are small, so the air inlet and exhaust ducts are small; The water-cooled power station is less affected by the external atmospheric temperature of the project, and it can ensure the air cooling in the machine room at any time. The disadvantage is that the water consumption is large and constrained by the water source conditions. When the project has no low-temperature water source, this cooling method cannot be selected.

2、当水源较困难或夏日由柴油发电机组机房外进风的温度，能满足柴油发电机房降温要求时，宜选用风冷或风冷与蒸腾冷却相结合的方法。风冷电站式运用机房外部的低温空气(一般应低于机房规划要求约5摄氏度)加大进风量，运用进风和排风来扫除机房的余热。风冷电站不需要大量低温水源，无冷却送风体系，机房内通风体系简略，操作方便，进风量和排风量大，机房每小时换气次数多，空气清新，舒服。可是，进风管道和排风管道的风机容量较大。蒸腾冷却电站只需要少数的用水，按柴油机功率核算，一般每千瓦不超1.5×1.36kg/h，对水温无严格要求，比风冷电站可削减进风量一半以上，特别适用于水源困难、水温较高地区。跟着对蒸腾冷却的研讨实验作业的不断深入，蒸腾冷却设备在不断完善。

2. When the water source is difficult or the air temperature outside the diesel generator room in summer can meet the cooling requirements of the diesel generator room, air cooling or a combination of air cooling and transpiration cooling should be used. The air-cooled power station uses the low-temperature air outside the machine room (generally about 5 ℃ lower than the planning requirements of the machine room) to increase the air intake, and uses the air intake and exhaust to remove the waste heat of the machine room. The air-cooled power station does not need a large number of low-temperature water sources, and there is no cooling air supply system. The ventilation system in the machine room is simple, easy to operate, and the air intake and exhaust volume are large. The machine room has many air changes per hour, and the air is fresh and comfortable. However, the fan capacity of air inlet duct and exhaust duct is large. Transpiration cooling power station only needs a small amount of water, which is calculated according to the power of diesel engine, and generally does not exceed 1.5 per kilowatt × 1.36kg/h, without strict requirements on water temperature, which can reduce the air intake by more than half compared with the air-cooled power station. It is especially suitable for areas with difficult water source and high water temperature. With the deepening of the research and experimental work on transpiration cooling, the transpiration cooling equipment is constantly improving.

3、当无满足水源、进风温度不能满足风冷电站的要求时，可规划选用人工制冷，自带冷源的冷风机以除去柴油发电机组机房余热。人工制冷体系的缔造出资和作业费用都较高，在冬季或过度时节，电站应充分运用工程外的冷空气进行通风降温，因此风冷一般应是除去电站余热的首要方法。柴油电站选用自动化机组，完成隔室作后，值班人员一般能够不进入机房，机房降温规划的高答应温度能够按40摄氏度规划。3. When there is no water source and the inlet air temperature can not meet the requirements of the air-cooled power station, it can be planned to select the air cooler with manual refrigeration and its own cold source to remove the waste heat in the diesel generator room. The construction investment and operation cost of the artificial refrigeration system are high. In winter or transition season, the power station should make full use of the cold air outside the project for ventilation and cooling. Therefore, air cooling should generally be the primary method to remove the waste heat of the power station. The diesel power station selects automatic units. After the compartment operation is completed, the personnel on duty can generally not enter the machine room, and the high allowable temperature of the machine room cooling plan can be planned as 40 ℃.

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