Biomass power generation is a method to realize recycling power generation by using renewable biomass resources, such as waste incineration power generation, agricultural and forestry waste gasification power generation, or power generation by using biogas and landfill gas. Compared with traditional power generation modes such as thermal power generation, biomass power generation can realize energy recycling, turn waste into treasure, save energy, and the power generation fuel is renewable, which is conducive to the sustainable development of China's power industry. At the same time, biomass power generation also has higher cleanliness, which is in line with China's low-carbon and environmental protection development strategy. In recent years, biomass power generation has been widely popularized and applied, which has further alleviated the problem of existing energy shortage, It can also reduce environmental pollution at the same time. It is a power generation means to achieve a win-win situation.

常用的生物质发电方法

Common biomass power generation methods

目前我国应用范围非常广泛的生物质发电方式是沼气发电法，其作用原理主要是通过厌氧发酵技术对废弃物进行发酵处理，使其生成沼气，然后利用沼气推动发电机稳定运行，实现发电效果。由于该方法具有较高的稳定性，所以普及力度相对来说比较大。其次还有生物质气化发电法，该技术作用原理是将生物质置于气化炉中，使其转化为可燃烧气体，经过净化处理后投入燃气机内作为燃料维持燃烧机运行，进而实现发电效果，也可以直接冲入燃料电池发电。气化发电技术的要点是要保证燃气净化程度，由于初期气化的燃气会含有焦炭、灰分以及焦油等污染杂质，如果直接使用可能会让设备老化更快，并且造成环境污染，所以在生物质气化后要对其进行一定的精华处理才能作为燃料进行使用。

At present, the widely used biomass power generation method in China is biogas power generation method. Its principle is to ferment the waste through anaerobic fermentation technology to generate biogas, and then use biogas to promote the stable operation of the generator to achieve the effect of power generation. Due to the high stability of this method, the popularity is relatively large. Secondly, there is biomass gasification power generation method. The function principle of this technology is to place biomass in the gasifier to convert it into combustible gas. After purification, it is put into the gas engine as fuel to maintain the operation of the combustion engine, so as to realize the power generation effect. It can also be directly rushed into the fuel cell for power generation. The main point of gasification power generation technology is to ensure the degree of gas purification. Since the initial gasification of gas will contain impurities such as coke, ash and tar, if it is used directly, it will make the equipment aging faster and cause environmental pollution. Therefore, after the gasification of biomass, it must be treated with certain essence to use as fuel.

再者，生物质还可以与其他燃料混合作用发电，比如煤炭等，该技术称为生物质混合燃烧发电法。主要的混合方法有两种，一种是将煤炭与生物质直接混合作为燃烧介质，但是这种方法实施过程无论对燃烧设备和燃烧处理环节的要求都比较高，一些小型发电企业根本无法实现，所以应用范围不是很广；还有一种是将汽化后的生物质与煤炭混合作为燃烧材料，将燃烧后的蒸汽注入汽轮发电机实现发电功能，这种方法实际可操作性更高。

Moreover, biomass can also be mixed with other fuels for power generation, such as coal. This technology is called biomass mixed combustion power generation method. There are two main mixing methods. One is to directly mix coal and biomass as the combustion medium, but the implementation process of this method has high requirements for combustion equipment and combustion treatment links, which can not be realized by some small power generation enterprises, so the application scope is not very wide; The other is to mix the vaporized biomass and coal as combustion materials, and inject the burned steam into the steam turbine generator to realize the power generation function. This method has higher practical operability.

另外，直接燃烧生物质进行发电也是一种发电方法，主要是通过生物质燃烧产生的蒸汽推动蒸汽发电机实现发电。该发电技术的关键点在于要对生物质原材料进行提前处理，并对燃烧锅炉采取一定的防腐措施，保证原料的适应性，同时还要对燃烧效率和蒸汽机工作效率进行实时监测管控。还有一种发展前景比较广阔的发电技术，就是利用垃圾燃烧发电，该发电技术是在高温状态下实现垃圾的气化熔融焚烧，不仅可以利用燃烧能源实现发电效果，而且对垃圾的焚烧效果比较完全，洁净度比较高，具有很强的环保性能。

In addition, direct combustion of biomass for power generation is also a power generation method, which is mainly driven by the steam generated by biomass combustion to realize power generation. The key point of this power generation technology is to treat the biomass raw materials in advance, take certain anti-corrosion measures for the combustion boiler to ensure the adaptability of raw materials, and monitor and control the combustion efficiency and steam engine working efficiency in real time. There is also a power generation technology with broad development prospects, that is, waste combustion power generation. This power generation technology realizes the gasification, melting and incineration of waste under high temperature. It can not only use combustion energy to achieve power generation effect, but also complete waste incineration effect, high cleanliness and strong environmental protection performance.

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