Black smoke from exhaust:

（1）柴油机负荷超过规定

(1) The load of diesel engine exceeds the specification

（2）各缸供油量不均匀

(2) Uneven oil supply of each cylinder

（3）气门间隙不正确、气门密封不良，导致气门漏气，燃烧恶化

(3) Incorrect valve clearance and poor valve sealing lead to valve leakage and combustion deterioration

（4）喷油提前角太小，喷油太迟使部分燃油在排气管中燃烧

(4) The fuel injection advance angle is too small and the fuel injection is too late, which makes part of the fuel burn in the exhaust pipe

（5）进气量不足：空气滤清器或进气管阻塞，涡轮增压器压气机壳过脏等

(5) Insufficient intake: air filter or intake pipe is blocked, turbocharger compressor casing is too dirty, etc

（6）涡轮增压器弹力气封环烧坏或磨损，各结合面漏气等

(6) The elastic gas seal ring of turbocharger is burnt out or worn, and air leakage occurs on each joint surface

降低负荷使之在规定范围内

Reduce the load to within the specified range

调整喷油泵

Adjust the fuel injection pump

调整气门间隙，检查带封锥面，并消除缺陷

Adjust the valve clearance, check the sealing cone and eliminate the defects

调整喷油提前角

Adjust injection advance angle

清洗和清除尘埃污物，必要时更换滤芯

Clean and remove dust and dirt, and replace the filter element if necessary

检查或更换气封环，拧紧结合面螺钉

Check or replace the air seal ring and tighten the screws on the joint surface

2排气冒白烟：

2. White smoke from exhaust:

（1）喷油器喷油雾化不良，有滴油现象，喷油压力过低

(1) Poor atomization of fuel injector, oil dripping and low injection pressure

（2）柴油发电机组刚起动时，个别气缸不燃烧（特别是冬天）

(2) When the diesel generator set is just started, individual cylinders do not burn (especially in winter)

检查喷油器偶件，进行修磨或更换。重新调整喷油压力，使其达到规定范围

Check the fuel injector coupling for grinding or replacement. Readjust the injection pressure to the specified range

适当提高转速及负荷，多运转一些时间

Properly increase the speed and load and run more time

3排气冒蓝烟：

3. Blue smoke from exhaust:

（1）空气滤清器阻塞，进气不畅或其机油盘内机油过多（油滤式空滤器）

(1) The air filter is blocked, the air intake is not smooth, or there is too much oil in its oil pan (oil filter air filter)

（2）活塞环卡住或磨损过多，弹性不足；安装时活塞环倒角方向装反，使机油进入燃烧室

(2) The piston ring is stuck or worn too much, and the elasticity is insufficient; During installation, the chamfering direction of the piston ring is reversed to allow the oil to enter the combustion chamber

（3）长期低负荷（标定功率40%以下）运转，活塞与缸套之间间隙过大，使机油易串入燃烧室

(3) During long-term low load operation (below 40% of rated power), the clearance between piston and cylinder liner is too large, so that the oil is easy to string into the combustion chamber

（4）油底壳内机油加入过多

(4) Too much oil is added in the oil pan