瓦斯发电机组作为清洁能源利用的关键设备，其缸温异常升高是运行维护中需重点关注的故障征兆。缸温过高不仅会降低热效率，还可能引发爆震、拉缸等严重事故。这一现象背后往往隐藏着燃料供给、冷却系统、机械负荷等多重因素的耦合作用。

　　As a key equipment for clean energy utilization, the abnormal increase in cylinder temperature of gas generator sets is a key fault sign that needs to be closely monitored during operation and maintenance. Excessive cylinder temperature not only reduces thermal efficiency, but may also cause serious accidents such as detonation and cylinder pulling. Behind this phenomenon, there is often a coupling effect of multiple factors such as fuel supply, cooling system, and mechanical load.

　　燃料供给系统的波动是缸温升高的直接诱因。瓦斯气体成分复杂，若甲烷浓度偏低或含有过量氮气、二氧化碳等惰性气体，会导致燃烧速度减缓，后燃期延长。未燃尽的混合气在排气冲程中继续燃烧，使缸内温度异常升高。此外，燃气滤清器堵塞或调压阀故障会造成供气压力不稳，空燃比失调，局部过浓或过稀的混合气均会改变燃烧进程，引发缸温波动。

　　The fluctuation of the fuel supply system is the direct cause of the increase in cylinder temperature. The composition of gas is complex. If the methane concentration is low or contains excessive inert gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide, it will slow down the combustion rate and prolong the post combustion period. The unburned mixture continues to burn during the exhaust stroke, causing an abnormal increase in cylinder temperature. In addition, blockage of the gas filter or malfunction of the pressure regulating valve can cause unstable supply pressure, imbalance of air-fuel ratio, and local over rich or over lean mixture can change the combustion process, leading to cylinder temperature fluctuations.

　　冷却系统的效能衰减是缸温失控的核心诱因。水泵叶轮磨损、节温器卡滞会导致冷却液循环量不足，缸套水腔无法有效散热。散热器表面积尘或翅片变形会降低散热效率，特别是在高温环境或高负荷工况下，冷却液温度可能突破临界值。更隐蔽的故障源于中冷器性能下降，增压空气未经充分冷却即进入燃烧室，导致进气温度过高，压缩终了温度上升，形成恶性循环。

　　The efficiency degradation of the cooling system is the core cause of cylinder temperature runaway. Wear of the water pump impeller and sticking of the thermostat can lead to insufficient circulation of coolant and ineffective heat dissipation in the cylinder liner water chamber. Dust accumulation on the surface of the radiator or deformation of the fins can reduce the heat dissipation efficiency, especially in high-temperature environments or high load conditions, where the coolant temperature may exceed the critical value. A more covert fault stems from the decreased performance of the intercooler, where the boost air enters the combustion chamber without sufficient cooling, resulting in an excessively high intake temperature and an increase in the final compression temperature, forming a vicious cycle.

　　机械负荷的突变会加剧缸温升高。当发电机负载突变时，ECU需快速调整喷气量与点火角。若增压器响应滞后，进气压力无法匹配燃料供给量，会造成瞬时过富油燃烧。活塞环磨损或缸套变形会导致密封性下降，高压燃气窜入曲轴箱，既浪费能量又使缸内燃烧工况恶化。连杆轴承间隙超标会引发振动，改变活塞运动轨迹，影响燃烧室形状，造成局部温度过高。

　　The sudden change in mechanical load will exacerbate the rise in cylinder temperature. When the load of the generator suddenly changes, the ECU needs to quickly adjust the jet volume and ignition angle. If the turbocharger response lags behind and the intake pressure cannot match the fuel supply, it will cause instantaneous over rich combustion. Wear of piston rings or deformation of cylinder liners can lead to a decrease in sealing performance, causing high-pressure gas to enter the crankcase, wasting energy and deteriorating combustion conditions inside the cylinder. Excessive clearance between connecting rod bearings can cause vibration, alter the trajectory of piston movement, affect the shape of the combustion chamber, and result in local overheating.

　　控制系统的逻辑缺陷可能掩盖缸温异常。氧传感器漂移会使ECU误判空燃比，长期处于过浓或过稀状态。缸温传感器本身故障或线路接触不良，会导致显示值与实际值偏离，使保护系统无法及时启动。部分机组因程序缺陷，在变负荷工况下无法动态调整点火提前角，使燃烧相位偏离最佳区间，额外增加热负荷。

　　Logical defects in the control system may mask abnormal cylinder temperature. Drifting of the oxygen sensor can cause the ECU to misjudge the air-fuel ratio and remain in an overly rich or lean state for a long time. The cylinder temperature sensor itself has a malfunction or poor circuit contact, which can cause the displayed value to deviate from the actual value, making it impossible for the protection system to start in a timely manner. Due to program defects, some units are unable to dynamically adjust the ignition advance angle under variable load conditions, causing the combustion phase to deviate from the optimal range and additional heat load.

　　环境因素与维护疏漏的叠加效应不容忽视。海拔升高导致的进气压力下降，若未调整燃气供给量，会使混合气过浓。机房通风不良造成环境温度过高，会降低散热系统的对流换热效率。长期未更换机油或使用劣质润滑油，会形成油泥堵塞油道，使活塞冷却喷嘴无法正常工作，加剧缸套-活塞组的热应力。

　　The combined effect of environmental factors and maintenance omissions cannot be ignored. The decrease in intake pressure caused by altitude rise, if the gas supply is not adjusted, will make the mixture too rich. Poor ventilation in the computer room can cause high ambient temperatures, which can reduce the convective heat transfer efficiency of the cooling system. Long term failure to replace engine oil or use inferior lubricating oil can result in oil sludge blocking the oil passage, causing the piston cooling nozzle to malfunction and exacerbating the thermal stress on the cylinder liner piston assembly.

　　针对缸温异常，需建立系统性排查机制。通过燃气成分分析仪确认燃料品质，使用内窥镜检测燃烧室积碳情况，结合红外测温仪绘制缸体温度场。在维护层面，应严格执行冷却液冰点测试与沸点检测，定期清洗中冷器与散热器芯体。对于控制系统，需验证传感器量值溯源，通过标定软件优化控制MAP图。当缸温接近限值时，应分级采取降负荷、开旁通、增补风等应急措施，避免故障扩大。

　　A systematic troubleshooting mechanism needs to be established for abnormal cylinder temperature. Confirm the fuel quality through a gas composition analyzer, use an endoscope to detect carbon deposits in the combustion chamber, and use an infrared thermometer to draw the temperature field of the cylinder body. At the maintenance level, it is necessary to strictly perform coolant freezing point and boiling point tests, and regularly clean the intercooler and radiator cores. For the control system, it is necessary to verify the traceability of sensor values and optimize the control MAP diagram through calibration software. When the cylinder temperature approaches the limit value, emergency measures such as load reduction, bypass opening, and supplementary air should be taken in stages to avoid the expansion of the fault.

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