As the diesel generator solves the need to use electricity in special environment and provides us with great convenience, the application field of diesel generator is very wide now, but the use of diesel generator in different environments needs to pay attention to the use method and maintenance of diesel generator. Especially in some harsh environments, such as using diesel generators in low temperature environment, what should we pay attention to?

一、放水过早或不放冷却水。

1、 Discharge water too early or do not discharge cooling water.

熄火前以怠速运转，待冷却水温度降至60℃以下，水不烫手，再熄火放水。若过早放掉冷却水，机体在温度较高时突然受冷空气侵袭会产生骤缩，出现裂纹。当气温低于-4℃度时，一定要放掉柴油机冷却水箱中的冷却水，因为-4℃度时水会结冰体积随之变大，冷却水箱散热器因体积加大膨胀而损坏。

Before flameout, operate at idle speed. When the cooling water temperature drops below 60 ℃ and the water is not hot, flameout and drain water. If the cooling water is discharged prematurely, the body will be suddenly attacked by cold air when the temperature is high, resulting in sudden shrinkage and cracks. When the temperature is lower than - 4 ℃, the cooling water in the cooling water tank of the diesel engine must be drained, because the water will freeze at - 4 ℃, the volume will increase, and the radiator of the cooling water tank will be damaged due to the expansion of the volume.

二、随便选用燃油。

2、 Choose fuel at will.

冬季低温使柴油的流动性变差，粘度变大，不易喷散，造成雾化不良，燃烧恶化，导致柴油机的动力性和经济性能下降。故低温时在选择机油，应尽量选择黏度稀一点，凝点低和发火性能好的轻柴油。一般要求柴油机的凝点应低于本地当前季节气温7-10℃。

The low temperature in winter makes the fluidity and viscosity of diesel worse, which is not easy to spray, resulting in poor atomization and deterioration of combustion, resulting in the decline of power and economic performance of diesel engine. Therefore, when selecting engine oil at low temperature, try to choose light diesel oil with thinner viscosity, low freezing point and good ignition performance. Generally, the freezing point of diesel engine shall be 7-10 ℃ lower than the current local seasonal temperature.

三、用明火助燃起动。

3、 Start with open flame.

不能把空气滤清器取下，用棉纱蘸上柴油点燃后做成引火物置于进气管内实行助燃启动。这样在启动过程中，外界的含尘空气就会不经过滤而直接吸入气缸内，造成活塞、气缸等零件的异常磨损，还会造成柴油机工作粗暴，损害机器。所以在低温条件下，还需要勤换空气滤芯。

Do not take down the air filter. Use cotton yarn dipped in diesel oil to ignite it and put it into the intake pipe to start combustion. In this way, during the starting process, the external dusty air will be directly sucked into the cylinder without filtration, resulting in abnormal wear of piston, cylinder and other parts, rough operation of diesel engine and damage to the machine. Therefore, under low temperature conditions, it is also necessary to change the air filter element frequently.

四、启动方法不当。

4、 Improper starting method.

在低温环境中有的工作人员为能够快速启动柴油机，常采用无水启动（先启动，后加冷却水）的非正常启动方法。这种做法会对机器造成严重损害，应禁止使用。正确的预热方法是：先将保温被罩在水箱上，打开放水阀，向水箱内连续注入60-70℃的清洁软水，用手触摸放水阀流出的水有烫手感觉时，再关闭放水阀，向水箱灌入90-100℃的清洁软水，并摇转曲轴，使各运动件得到适当预先润滑，然后再行启动。

In the low temperature environment, some workers often use the abnormal starting method of anhydrous starting (starting first and then adding cooling water) in order to start the diesel engine quickly. This practice will cause serious damage to the machine and should be prohibited. The correct preheating method is: first cover the thermal insulation quilt on the water tank, open the water drain valve, continuously inject 60-70 ℃ clean soft water into the water tank, touch the water flowing out of the water drain valve with your hand, and then close the water drain valve, inject 90-100 ℃ clean soft water into the water tank, rotate the crankshaft to properly pre lubricate all moving parts, and then start it.

五、低温负荷作业。

5、 Low temperature load operation.

柴油机启动着火后，有些工作人员迫不及待地立即投入负荷作业。着火不久的柴油机，由于机体温度低，机油粘度大，机油不易充入运动副的摩擦表面，会引起机器严重磨损。另外，柱塞弹簧、气门弹簧和喷油器弹簧由于“冷脆”也容易断裂。故温度低时柴油机启动着火后，应以低中速空转几分钟，等冷却水温度达到60℃时，再投入负荷作业。

After the diesel engine started and caught fire, some workers couldn't wait to put into load operation immediately. For diesel engines that catch fire soon, due to low body temperature and high oil viscosity, the oil is not easy to fill the friction surface of the moving pair, which will cause serious wear of the machine. In addition, plunger spring, valve spring and injector spring are also easy to break due to "cold brittleness". Therefore, when the temperature is low, after the diesel engine starts and catches fire, it should idle at low and medium speed for several minutes, and then put into load operation when the cooling water temperature reaches 60 ℃.

六、不注意机体保温。

6、 Do not pay attention to body insulation.

温度低时，容易使柴油发电机组工作时冷却过度。故保温是低温环境中用好柴油机的关键，所以在使用的柴油机时都应配备保温套和保温帘等防寒设备。

When the temperature is low, it is easy to over cool the diesel generator set during operation. Therefore, thermal insulation is the key to make good use of diesel engine in low temperature environment. Therefore, when using diesel engine, thermal insulation sleeve, thermal insulation curtain and other cold proof equipment should be equipped.

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